Igraphite yiminerali ethambileyo emnyama ukuya kwintsimbi engwevu nephuma ngokwendalo kwimetamorphism yamatye atyebileyo ngekhabhoni, ekhokelela kwicrystalline flake graphite, fine-grained amorphous graphite, veined okanye igraphite enkulu.Ngokuqhelekileyo ifumaneka kumatye e-metamorphic afana ne-crystalline limestone, i-shale, kunye ne-gneiss.
Igraphite ifumana iintlobo ngeentlobo zokusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso kwizithambiso, iibhrashi zekhabhoni zeenjini zombane, iiretardants zomlilo, kunye neshishini lentsimbi.Ukusetyenziswa kwegraphite ekuveliseni iibhetri ze-lithium-ion kukhula ngaphezu kwe-20% ngonyaka ngenxa yokuthandwa kweeselfowuni, iikhamera, iilaptops, izixhobo zombane kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphathwayo.Ngelixa ishishini leemoto liqhele ukusebenzisa igraphite kwi-brake pads, i-gasket kunye ne-clutch materials iya ibaluleke kakhulu kwiibhetri zemoto yombane (EV).
Igraphite yimathiriyeli ye-anode kwiibhetri kwaye akukho nto ithatha indawo yayo.Ukukhula okuqinileyo okuqhubekayo kwimfuno yamva nje kuqhutywe ngokukhula kweentengiso ze-hybridi kunye neenqwelo zombane zonke, kunye neenkqubo zokugcinwa kwenethiwekhi.
Oorhulumente abaninzi ehlabathini lonke bawisa imithetho ejoliswe ekupheliseni ii-injini zokutsha zangaphakathi.Abavelisi beemoto ngoku baphelisa izithuthi zepetroli nezedizili bexhasa zonke izithuthi zombane.Isiqulatho segraphite sinokufikelela kwi-10 kg kwi-HEV eqhelekileyo (isithuthi sombane esixutyiweyo) kunye nokuya kuthi ga kwi-100 kg kwisithuthi sombane.
Abathengi beemoto batshintshela kwii-EVs njengoko uluhlu lwamaxhala luyehla kwaye izikhululo zokutshaja ezininzi zivela kunye neenkxaso ezahlukeneyo zikarhulumente zinceda ukuhlawula ii-EVs ezibiza kakhulu.Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi eNorway, apho inkuthazo karhulumente ikhokelele ekuthengisweni kwezithuthi zombane ngoku kudlula ukuthengiswa kweenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi.
Iphephabhuku leMotor Trend libika ukuba balindele ukuba iimodeli ezingama-20 zifike emarikeni, kunye neemodeli zombane ezingaphezulu kweshumi elinambini ukuba zibajoyine.Inkampani yophando ye-IHS Markit ilindele ukuba iinkampani zeemoto ze-100 zibonelele ngebhetri iinketho zemoto yombane ngo-2025. Isabelo semarike yemoto yombane sinokungaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu, ngokutsho kwe-IHS, ukusuka kwi-1.8 yeepesenti zokubhaliswa kwe-US kwi-2020 ukuya kwi-9 ekhulwini kwi-2025 kunye ne-15 ekhulwini kwi-2030. .
Malunga ne-2.5 yezigidi zeemoto zombane ziya kuthengiswa ngo-2020, apho i-1.1 yezigidi iya kwenziwa e-China, i-10% ukusuka kwi-2019, i-Motor Trend yongezwa.Upapasho luthi ukuthengiswa kweemoto zombane eYurophu kulindeleke ukuba kufikelele kwipesenti ze-19 nge-2025 kunye ne-30 yeepesenti ngo-2020.
Olu qikelelo lwentengiso yezithuthi zombane lubonisa utshintsho olukhulu kwimveliso yezithuthi.Ngaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka eyadlulayo, izithuthi zepetroli nezombane zazikhuphisana ngesabelo semarike.Nangona kunjalo, iModel T enexabiso eliphantsi, enamandla nelula iphumelele ugqatso.
Ngoku ngoku sihamba kwizithuthi zombane, iinkampani zegraphite ziya kuba ngabaxhamli abaphambili bemveliso ye-flake ye-graphite, eya kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini ngo-2025 ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezikhulayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-25-2023